BECK'S TRIAD

described  in CARDIAC TAMPONADE

Includes

1. Distended Neck Veins.

2. Diminished BP

3. Distant Heart sounds.

Stemmer's Sign

Stemmer's sign is seen in lower limb lymphedema, where it is unable to pinch skin over the edematous part.

GOTT"S TETRAD

Gott's Tetrad : Described in Oesophagial Perforation

Characterized by

1. Dyspnoea

2. Dysphagia.

3. Surgical Emphysema at Suprasternal Space.

4. Chest Pain.

Any controversies.....send to pgmeedoubts@gmail.com

Signs in Radiology

1. Rabbit Ear Sign : Bilateral Subdural Hematomas in CT (Both frontal horns pointing poateriorly).

2. Dawson's Fingers : Multiple Sclerosis - MRI Brain (the result of inflammation around long axis of medularry veins)

3. Light Bulb sign - In posterior dislocation of shoulder.

4. Golden-S-Sign : Right upper lobe collapse in Chest X Ray.

5. 'Bat Wing Deformity of cerebral ventricles on CT/MRI - Agenesis of Corpus Callosum.

(AIIMS Nov'07 Expln)

6. 'Moth Eaten appearance' in V/Q Scan - Lung ----> Seen in BRONCHIOLITIS OBLITERANS.

(AIIMS Nov'07 Expln)

7. 'Reticular Pattern' in Chest CT ---> Follicular Bronchitis. (AIIMS Nov'07 Expln)

8. 'Sandstorm Appearance' or sand like appearance in Chest Radiography --> Seen in Pulmonary Alveolar Microlithiasis (P.A.M).

(AIIMS Nov'07 Expln)

9. Deep white matter lesion with bilateral bright thalami on C.T.--> KRABBE's Disease (Globoid Leukodystrophy).

(AIIMS NOV'07 Q)

10. Looser's Zones or Pseudofractures : Classically seen in Osteomalacia. (Also seen in Paget's, Fibrous Dysplasia, and osteoporosis)

11. Protusio Acetabuli and Triradiate Pelvis - Osteomalacia.

12. Rugger Jersey Spine - Osteopetrosis / Albers-Schonberg Disease /Marble Bone Disease and in Renal Osteodystrophy.

----------------------Congential Cardiac Diseases : Chest Radiography--------------------------------

13. Boot shaped heart / Cor en Sabot --- Tetralogy of Fallot.

14. Box Shaped Heart --- Ebstein's Anomaly.

15. Snowman Appearance / Figure of 8 Appearance - TAPVC (Asked 2 times in May 08 AIIMS)

16. Figure of 3 / Reverse Figure of 3 --- Coarctation of Aorta.

17. Goose Neck Sign --- Endocardial Cushion Defects.

18. Sitting Duck Sign --- Patent Truncus Arteriosus.

19. Scimitar Sign --- PAPVC - Partial Anomalous Pulm Venous Return.

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20. Scimitar Sacrum ---- Presacral Meningomyelocole.

21. Floating water Lily sign ---- Hydatid Cyst of Liver.

------------ Pulmonary Thromboembolism------------------------------------------------------------

22. Westermark's Sign --- Focal area of oligemia d/t vasoconstriction distal to embolus.

23. Palla's Sign -- Enlarged Right Descending Pulmonary Artery.

24. Hampton's Hump --- Peripheral Wedge shaped opacity in CXR d/t pulmonary infarct.

25. Fleischner Sign -- Local widening of artery d/t impaction.

26. Knuckle Sign -- Abrupt tapering of Occluded vessel distally.

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pgmeenotes by dv.